A Results Oracle is the smart contract implementation of a Social Impact Bond (SIB). The latter is designed to incentivise private investment in delivery of public goods, and backed by NGOs/Govts/Stakeholders that agree to make outcome payments into the SIB upon achievement of the socially valuable goal (which can ultimately reduce costs for the backers). Also, as discussed by Vitalik, by tokenising the SIB and using the rewards to set a floor price for the token, you can incentivise investors that are best able to achieve the outcomes to purchase tokens, thus creating a market mechanism for delivery of public goods. Our charity's mission (crowdfundedcures.org) is to use the same mechanism (SIBs backed by our CFC Tokens) to incentivise development of "public good"/"open source" medicines i.e. repurposing off-patent drugs, supplements and diets to treat new diseases and/or improve longevity/QALYs - see https://crowdfundedcures.medium.com/.